Stove



' w. F. ,GE0RGE. I Summer Stove.

Patented AugI 21, 1860.

W W W I W NN w m v Z UNITED sTArEs PATENT orrion,

WM. F. GEORGE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 29,687, dated August 21, 1860.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Y'VLLLIAM F. GEORGE, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State'of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Summer-Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the followin' is a full and exact description thereof, refgerence being had to the accompanying drawings, and letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

My invention relates more especially to that class of cooking or baking stoves in which the heat is produced by burning gas or alcohol; or by the application of a brazier of burning wood coals, which as they consume without evolving any smoke, do not necessitate the use of smoke pipes.

The stoves constructed on my improved plan, are particularly applicable to summer cooking, the principal object attained by my improvement being the proper cooking or baking of the eatables with but a very small consumption of combustible materials, so that the temperature of the room containing the stove will scarcely be thereby affected, and consequently in warm weather, the whole of the cooking or baking may be effected, without having` any oppressive and disagreeable heat created in the place; and the nature of my invention consists in certain novel and peculiar formation, and arrangement of parts constituting the whole stove, an accurate description of which I will now proceed to give in detail.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of the stove. Fig. 2 is a central sectional elevation thereof.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two drawings.

A is the outer casing of the stove made in the form shown-that is circular and enlarging gradually from the base B toward the top for about two thirds of the whole height and thence contracting toward the center by two different planes of convergence the last of which terminates in the base of a ring C which is capped by a perforated plate D which has a central aperture receiving a vessel E. The base B may be of any convenient form to support the stove above a flame of gas or an alcohol lamp, or a pan of burning coals, or its place may be supplied by a coke or charcoal burning furnace to support the stove and contain the appropriate fuel.

F is the door of the oven. It may be a double door as represented or it may be in one part.

The casing A is double, consisting of an outer and an inner case of precisely similar form, aifording a thin annular space surrounding the entire body of the stove (except the part occupied by the door). The outer and inner case are united at the base and at the point of contact with the ring C by the insertion of annular plates or rings Z) Z). This thin chamber may be left as a confined air chamber or it may be filled with any convenient familiar nonconducting substance such as plaster of paris or hydraulic cement.

H is the oven. It has a form corresponding somewhat with the form of the outer case A, and is supported within the case A by horizontal supports a a secured to the inner or concave face of the latter reaching across the narrow space and attaching to the outer or conveX face of the oven. The diameter of the oven at its lower end, upon a plane with the base of A, is proportionally smaller than A, affording an annular space between the two, of considerable thickness, but this space is gradually diminished in thckness toward the upper end of the apparatus until at the point where the outer case A unites with C the space J is reduced to an area barely sufiicient to permit of the upward passage and escape of the gases arising from combustion; from this point the oven converges upwardly to an apex within the ring O. The lower end of the oven H is composed of soap stone, fire clay or a thick plate of cast iron as K capable of resisting the action of the flame or intense heat of coals with which it will be in close proXimity.

G is a casing surrounding the space from the door F into the oven.

I is a perforated diaphragm upon a plane or level with the lower line of the door, serving to support vessels containing the food in the process of cooking. Another one or more diaphragms may be introduced into the oven if desired. These should be perforated as shown or made of Wire for the purpose of diffusing the heat which rises in a direct line from the lower point of the oven and which would otherwise heat and cook unevenly.

The vessel E which surmounts the stoveis conveniently placed where a portion of caloric which would otherwise escape is utilized for the purpose of heating water or boiling.

The value of a summer stove may be said to depend upon its capacity to preserve and properly apply the heat of combustion to culinary purposes. In a stove constructed upon the plan as herein described ample provision is made for preserving the heat by inclosing the oven within a nonconducting casing, and the form of the oven together with the gradually contracting or diminishing area between the oven and the outer casing is such as to produce the greatest attainable results from a given amount of heat or combustion, practically considered. By this peculiar formation and arrangement of the oven and stove casing, I have fully overcome an important practical difiiculty, viz: of distributing the heat from a single point, such as the flame of a lamp or a narrow pan of coals, equall-y around an inclosure like an oven when the latter is large enough to be useful for domestic purposes.

In my stove a narrow point at the bottom of the oven comparatively remote from the substance which may be cooking in the inside is exposed to the direct and intense action of the heat so as to absorb a considerable portion of it and impart it diffusely into the space within the oven, but the heat not thus absorbed and which passes upwardly through the gradually contracting annular fiue J is, comparatively speaking, condensed or concentrated as it ascends, so that the upper part of the oven though remote from the source of heat is still under its influence in a peculiar manner and thus becomes sufliciently heated for all the purposes of properly and evenly cooking the substance which may be contained within. It should moreover be remarked that the I general direction of the surfaces which bound the annular fiue, being oblique instead of Vertical, their action with reference to the heat rays is reverberatory, and this is particularly manifest and effective at that point in the surfaces where the lines begin to converge toward the center at the upper part of the stove, where the ascending heat is reflected from the inner face of the outer casing downwardly and inwardly against the top of the oven.

The lower point of the oven receiving the direct infiuence of the fiame becomes heated to a degree which prevents the condensation of the gases of combustion and -theformation of carbon or soot upon the surface.

The body of the stove is not secured to the base, and it is proposed to leaveit free to be applied to any convenient furnace, burning'coal when so required.

The apparatus is constructed mainly of sheet metal, and of dimensions adapted to the requirements of purchasers.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the outer casing A, the oven H, of the herein described peculiar shape and form: the same being' made to present a gradually increasing sectrional area, in the manner as and for the purpose set forth.

2. Gradually diminishing the area of the annular fiue J, between the outer casing A, and the oven I-I, in proportion as the sectional area of the latter is made to increase, in the manner as and for the purpose set forth.

WM. F. GEORGE. Witnesses:

WM. CLoUGH, S. K. GRAVEs. 

